Bioethics (2021) Welcome to test: Bioethics (2021) The test consists of 30 questions. You are given 30 minutes to solve. Questions are given in random order and are not repeated. At the end of testing, you have the number of correct answers. Name Group Email Record book № N.I.Pirogov believed that:Only young doctors make mistakesDoctors’ mistakes say about the incompetence of the doctorDoctor has the “right” to make a mistakeA good doctor is one who never makes a mistakeMedical error is inevitable in the practice of the doctorAt what age can a child give independent informed consent to participate in an experiment?Since 15 years oldSince 16 years oldDepends on the level of development of the childSince 14 years oldThe term “ethics” is proposed by:ParacelsusN.I. PirogovAristotleHippocratesConfuciusWhich of the following definitions is more consistent with the concept of "bioethics"?Social, legal and ethical implications of using advances in biomedical technologyAdvances in biomedical technologyThe concept of "medical deontology" includes:Ideas about the conditions of optimal activity of medical workersDoctrine of responsibility (due) in the activities of medical workersMoral regulation of medical activity differs from legal activity by:The presence of money interestArbitrariness of the motive of activityCriminal impunityFreedom of choice of actionGenetic predictive testing is performed:To create a perfect society with the help of artificial selectionTo create a favorable social environment for people with enhanced intellectual abilitiesIn order to carry out an artificial selection of the populationOnly for medicinal purposesFor medical and moral preparation and increased care for the future child and to clarify the clinical diagnosisFor medical research purposes onlyThe concept of “informed consent” includes everything except:Information on the intended purpose of the interventionInformation about the risk of interventionInformation about possible negative consequencesInformation on the nature of the proposed interventionInformation on the undoubted priority of the benefits of the intervention compared to the possible riskWhich of the following principles is basic in the “Hippocratic” model of medical ethics?Observe the rights of the patientDo no harmRespect the patientHelp the patientFulfill your dutiesThe massive introduction of contraception is not intended to:Confronting religious moral valuesPreservation of traditional views on marriage and familyImplementation of various government orders and international projects to maintain a certain number of population in different regions of the worldApproval of the human right to plan the size of your familyAttitude to euthanasia of Russia according to the “Fundamentals of the legislation of the Russian Federation on the protection of public health”:Only passive euthanasia is prohibitedOnly active euthanasia is prohibitedBoth types of euthanasia are permittedBoth passive and active euthanasia are prohibitedActive euthanasia is prohibited, and passive is permitted only with the written consent of the patientRespect for the private life of a person from the doctor’s side implies:Informing about the state of health of the patient to members of their family upon request.Transfer of information about the nature of the patient's disease to their employersKeeping secrets about the person’s healthObservance of their right to voteThe non-directive nature of medical and genetic care includes everything except:Informing about the probabilistic nature of genetic counseling dataObjective presentation of informationReliance on the principle of "do good"“Competent influence” on the decision and choice of patientsBrain death is defined as:Extensive and irreversible damage to the cerebral hemispheresIrreversible cessation of all functions of the whole brain, including the brainstemIrreversible loss of ability to social interactionIrreversible cessation of blood circulation and respirationIn Russia, artificial termination of pregnancy only at the request of the woman is carried out on the term:Up to 16 weeksUp to 28 weeksUp to 22 weeksUp to 12 weeksUp to 10 weeksGenetic screening of the embryo and fetus with appropriate intervention to eliminate defects in the genetic material:Does not have the features of eugenicsHave the traits of negative eugenicsHave the features of eugenicsHave the traits of positive eugenicsThe unjustified euthanasia from a medical point of view is determined by:With all the factors listedViolation of the moral commandment "Thou shalt not kill"Blocking the moral incentive to develop and improve medical knowledge and medical tools to combat deathChance for recovery and the ability to change the patient's decisionViolation of the doctor’s mission to save and preserve human lifeWhich of the following doctor-patient relationship models is the most rational from the perspective of patient’s interests?“Contract model”- doctor as a provider, and patient as a consumer of medical services"Cooperative model" - cooperation of doctor and patient"Engineering model" - doctor as a specialist"Paternalistic model" - doctor as a "spiritual father"The physician should inform the patient about the form of medical intervention in all cases except when:The patient does not have a medical education, allowing to understand the complexity of the diseaseThis decision is determined by financial profitThe patient’s non-consent may lead to a deterioration in his healthThe patient is either minor, or mentally retarded, or the disease “blocks” the mindIn all the listed casesOne of the following forms of professional ethical consciousness cannot be attributed to the historical and logical models of biomedical ethics:Hippocratic modelBioethicsParacelsus ModelFascist medicineDeontological modelPalliative care includes:Extracorporeal dialysis with an artificial kidneyAnalgesic therapies, not addressing the cause of the disease, but seeking to soften or eliminate the sensation of painArtificial lung ventilationTreatment of ulcersCan a doctor refuse to work with a patient, if it does not threaten the life of the latter and those around him according to the Russian legislation?Can, if the patient is rude to the doctorCan, if the patient is intoxicatedCan’t, because it is not provided by lawCan’t, because the doctor should help the patient in any caseCan, if the patient does not follow the prescriptions and the internal regulations of the medical institutionThe formation of modern medical criteria for the death of a person is due to:Moral and ideological understanding of the essence of manThe need for transplant medicineThe development of medical technologyRespect for the honor and dignity of the personRemoval of organs and tissues from a dead donor is carried out in the Russian Federationfreely in the interests of science and societyif a person expressed consent to it during his lifeonly if there is written permission from the deadin accordance with the moral and religious values of societyif a person didn’t give consent to it during his lifeThe involvement of a doctor in torture and corporal punishment of prisoners and the use of their knowledge for this purpose may be justified by:interests of developing sciencecommunity interests in obtaining necessary informationpunishment for crimesit’s forbidden in any conditionsIn which document does the WMA make recommendations for neurotransplantation?"Declaration on the transplantation of human organs."“Statement on trade in living organs”"Resolution on the behavior of doctors in the implementation of the transplantation of human organs.""Statement on embryonic tissue transplantation".“Lisbon Declaration on the Rights of the Patient”.Medical secrets include information about:Content of the willThe diagnosis of the diseaseAll of the aboveThe fact of seeking medical attentionIndirect abortion means:Spontaneous abortion (miscarriage) occurring in late pregnancyAbortion, which is necessary, (a) to save the life of the mother, or (b) based on other medical indicationsIntentional expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus at such a period of pregnancy when it is not yet capable of independent survivalAn unintended side effect that is either at risk or tolerated when certain activities are performedThe criteria determining the beginning of human life are:The formation of the nervous tissue of the fetusThe moral status of a human embryo included in the system of moral relationships between peopleFirst heartbeatFormation of the respiratory system of the fetusThe ethic of removing organs from a dead donor implies:The condition of the absence of objections during the life of the donor to organ harvesting of his bodyThe condition of the consent of relativesLack of moral and legal restrictionsThe condition expressed during the life and legally agreed consent of the donorThank you! 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